The transformation of scientific and technological achievements is the core content of the integration of science, technology and economy, and is an important link in the development of the national economy. This article analyzes the overall situation of the transformation of scientific and technological achievements in China and the existing problems in terms of systems, evaluations, incentives, and other aspects. It explores the next key directions and work suggestions, and follows the principle of “overall layout and steady progress” to provide new ideas and methods for the transformation of scientific and technological achievements through various means such as setting standards, expanding channels, cultivating talents, building platforms, and promoting applications, promote the healthy development of the evaluation and transformation of scientific and technological achievements.